A multi-disciplinary review of key evidence-based principles and clinical treatment steps for restoring edentulous jaws.
A multi-disciplinary review of key evidence-based principles and clinical treatment steps for replacing the single tooth.
Designed by leading clinicians, the FOR Safety Checklists help reduce human errors and their consequences.
The checklists on peri-implant tissue health support you in the anamnesis and diagnostic assessment of peri-implant tissue condition and in the treatment options and decisions for affected peri-implant tissue. They also allow concise monitoring of tissue conditions over time.
Edentulous
因儿童、青少年乳牙和/或恒齿完全（部分）发育不全导致缺齿的情况非常罕见。通常由外胚层发育不良等潜在疾病导致。这种疾病分为不同类，例如少汗性外胚层发育不良，通常与智力发育障碍有关。青少年缺齿下颌的外观与形状取决于乳牙的情况。
对于乳牙正在发育，但缺失恒牙胚的患者，会发现牙槽又高又窄。乳牙换掉后，在咬合方向上会形成牙槽形状（图 1）。
但是，对于伴有乳牙发育不全的患者，局部生长潜力降低导致牙槽实际缺损，进而影响下颌外观和形状。
