The primary goal of angulated implant placement concepts is the implant-based prosthodontic rehabilitation of the edentulous maxilla and mandible and avoiding grafting procedures and thereby offering a more simple and less invasive treatment...

The overall aim after implant placement concerning the periimplant bone height is to minimize marginal bone loss. However, several bone remodelling processes that occur after implant placement lead to periimplant bone loss and the establishment of...

In the atrophic mandible soft tissues become prominent and the inferior alveolar nerve is located more superficially.
Fractures of the atrophic edentulous mandible can occur during implant insertion. Especially in hard bone...

Wound closure ensures and accelerates wound healing by protecting the site and influencing migration of keratinocytes over the granulation tissue. Some wound eversion maximizes epidermal approximation. Square knots, with two ties in one direction and a reverse...

Flapless implant surgery is a minimally invasive procedure that can be performed either using guided surgery or custom fabricated surgical guides made of casts taken at the first patient visit. Several clinical papers reported excellent short- and long...

As described in Patient Assessment, a thorough evaluation of patient factors influencing whether to proceed with surgical therapy is relevant.
Depending on the tpe of surgery prescribe pre-operative medication (for example antibiotic coverage), if...

Patrick Rutten reviews the laboratory part within the digital workflow and the opportunities with CAD/CAM procedures being an excellent alternative to casting technique. CAD/CAM technology provides excellent and predictable precision, passive fit, significant labor and time savings...

Oral endosseous implants are successful even longterm in the edentulous jaws. After insertion implants osseointegrate. This process is characterized by the development of an intimate bone contact with the implant surface. The direct anchoring of bone to the implant predicts the...

A fixed prosthesis offers benefits from both a functional and esthetic point of view and may be regarded as quite similar to a patient's own natural dentition when compared to alternative treatment options such as complete dentures....

Some patients present with soft and hard tissue defects that cannot be addressed by a fixed implant prosthesis when esthetics, phonetics and oral hygiene access are considered. In these patients who have struggled...

The All-on-4® treatment concept can be combined with a guided surgical protocol. Looking back on experiences with these techniques since 2005, Dr Lopes reviews the advantages of these protocols for patient and surgeon, such as comfort, reduced surgery time and increased...

Conceptually, a provisional prosthesis for an edentulous patient is a convenient tool that offers the patient a satisfactory level of function and esthetic appearance while definitive treatment is undertaken...

Treatment planning for the edentulous patient requires a diagnostic tooth arrangement which provides valuable information for pre-surgical planning (surgical guide fabrication), facilitates discussion regarding...

The primary goal of creating a preliminary teeth arrangement for a try-in diagnostic evaluation is the opportunity to visualize those specific morphological features that impact functional and esthetic considerations for each treated patient...

Tomography represents 2-D images of a slice through an object. Computerized tomography (CT) can produce virtual slices and conventional CTs take slice by slice and the machine stops and moves in between slices. Spiral/helical CTs are continuous scans in a...