Diabetes refers to metabolic diseases where blood sugar levels are too high, a condition termed hyperglycemia, and where symptoms as increased hunger, weight loss, more frequent urination, weakness and fatigue and excessive thirst are observed. High...
It is important to evaluate signs indicating if the patient abuses alcohol or takes recreational drugs and may have developed addictions. In general these drugs have a psychedelic,...
The medical history should reveal if the patient takes any prescribed medication and especially whether in the correct dosage. Fear of oral surgery may induce a temporary overconsumption of drugs such as beta-blockers or...
Smoking and nicotine consumption have a constrictive effect on blood vessels thereby reducing blood supply. It increases the susceptibility to periodontal inflammatory diseases, dry extraction sockets and wound healing...
Implant based treatment is a comprehensive long-term therapy with various treatment steps and ongoing need for adequate aftercare. It therefore requires considerable involvement, cooperation and dedication – compliance – from the patient. Therefore, during the...
Edentulism as a consequence of (sub)total agenesis of deciduous and/or permanent teeth in children and adolescents is extremely rare. It is commonly a component of a generalized underlying condition such as ectodermal dysplasia. There are...
Risk assessment & special high risk categories, overview
A thorough risk assessment forms the cornerstone of successful patient treatment. Four key sources of information permit the clinician to identify pertinent risks and to determine the seriousness of each risk...
The key questions in a complete anamnesis are related to: mouth opening, salivary output, presence of mucosal diseases, gingival health, signs of previous periodontal surgeries, tooth hypermobility, TMJ problems, orthodontic...
It is helpful if a clinician is situated so that his/her eyes are at the level of the patient's eyes. For example, if the patient is seated, the clinician should also be seated. It is beneficial if the interview between clinician and...
In order to provide adequate treatment and meet patient satisfaction, it is crucial to evaluate patient expectations. These expectations normally fall into one or more of four categories: function, comfort, esthetics and...
Andrea Mombelli: Peri-implant anti-infective therapy
Peri-implantitis is an infection around implants associated with the presence of submucosal bacterial biofilm, with the biofilm microorganisms adhering and hiding on irregular surface structures such as the rough implant surface, crown margin areas and unfavorably designed...
Björn Klinge: Is there a connection between previous periodontitis and later peri-implantitis
A consensus statement is an agreement on currently available knowledge and may shift over time based on new evidence. Today there are solid data that there is an association between history of periodontitis and later peri-implant inflammation and infection. However this finding...
Ken Parrish: Minimizing complications with full-arch immediate provisionalization
What can go wrong when restoring a full-arch with immediate provisionalization ? Dr Parrish gives insight in the most common complications and pitfalls and how they can be avoided. Often failures are due to human errror. Implant component failures are rare, provided premium quality...
Single all-ceramic crown to replace discoloured right central incisor crown
A 56-year-old female patient was bothered by the darker shade of her right central incisor crown in comparison to the adjacent teeth. To fulfill the patient's need, a single-hand veneered zirconia crown was chosen as a treatment.
Single maxillary implant and crown with pink cervical porcelain
A 57-year-old female patient presented herself with a missing maxillary left central incisor and wanted a fixed replacement. A single implant and crown were used to replace the missing tooth with gingival-colored cervical porcelain to provide a more esthetic result.
